Preschool Educational Institutions Research Articles

Practices of Tolerance: The Significance of Common Sense in Settings of Dense Coexistence

Practices of Tolerance: The Significance of Common Sense in Settings of Dense Coexistence

YENİ TƏLİM TEXNOLOGİYALARINDAN İSTİFADƏ HAQQINDA MÖVCUD ELMİ NƏZƏRİYYƏLƏR VƏ YANAŞMALAR

Current Scientific Theories and Approaches on the use of New Learning Technologies Summary The article analyzes the current scientific theories and approaches about the use of new learning technologies. The main point is in what form this work is carried out in preschool educational institutions. I would like to emphasize one aspect that the article mentions the importance of what educators-teachers learn when using new learning technologies. Key words: new learning, technologies, preschool, development, attitude

The Impact of a Dual Education System on the Professional Training of Future Preschool Teachers in Higher Education Institutions

The aim of the article is to determine the specifics of the impact of dual education on the future preschool teachers’ professional competence. The study employed such methods as testing, observation, and formative experiment. It was established that future preschool teachers are characterized by low motivation for professional activity, medium level of theoretical knowledge and professional skills, insufficiently developed pedagogical reflection. The hypothesis about the difference between the influence of dual and institutional education on the future preschool teachers’ professional competence was partially confirmed. Dual education demonstrated the best effectiveness in developing the active and reflective components in future preschool teachers. They are slightly better in the development of indicators of the cognitive component, the results belong to the institutional form of higher education. The dual education programme is ineffective in developing the motivational component of the future preschool teachers’ professional competence. The obtained results open up opportunities to improve dual education programmes for the training of future preschool teachers: focus on the development of future preschool teachers’ professional motivation, improving theoretical knowledge in a preschool education institution. The results also indicate the need to enhance the development of motivation and professional reflection of future specialists in the institutional form of higher education. The prospects for further research are the study of the possibilities of using dual education in the training of students of other pedagogical majors.

Development of Forming Environment in Different Age Groups in Preschool Educational Institutions of Kyrgyzstan

Development of Forming Environment in Different Age Groups in Preschool Educational Institutions of Kyrgyzstan

Prevalence of Infectious Diseases in Children at Preschool Education Institutions and Stakeholder Opinions.

Preschool education institutions, where children have close contact and social interactions, can serve as potential environments for the transmission of infectious diseases. This issue poses a significant health concern, impacting both individual and public well-being. Thus, the present research set out to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases in preschool children and the views of parents and teachers on the prevention of infectious diseases. The study employed a mixed-method approach and involved 397 parents and 46 preschool teachers. The study was survey-based via in-person interviews. The results revealed that after they started school (almost in 5 months), children with a mean age of 4.7 ± 0.5 years experienced illness approximately 3.5 ± 2.0 times, of whom 91.5% used antibiotics. The prevalence of infectious diseases was found to be associated with the child's being born at term, maternal education level, and the public/private status of preschool institutions. The presence of a sick child in the classroom elicits negative emotions from both teachers and parents. They recommend that studies on education, safety, hygiene, school health, health screenings, regulation of the learning environment, legal regulations, and school exclusion policies be carried out to prevent infectious diseases. When children with infectious diseases come to school, nearly half of the teachers admit them to the classroom due to various reasons and pressures. Parents request teachers to monitor medication, control sweating, and use a nebulizer for their sick children. Some of the teachers meet these requests, but they claim that the educational process is negatively affected. At preschool education institutions, the risk factors of infectious diseases have a complex structure and can be influenced by variables related to teachers, children, parents and the institution itself. Infectious diseases not only pose a threat to health but also impact teachers' and parents' emotions, teacher-child relationships, and the overall atmosphere within schools and classrooms.

Formation of social initiative of adolescents in the educational environment of children's public associations

The presented material examines the potential possibilities of using systemic, activity-based and creative approaches, as well as the principles of dialecticism, originality, conscious multifactoriality, cultural creativity in the educational environment of children's public associations (PBO) in the process of forming the social initiative of adolescents. The conceptual provisions of modern scientists regarding the definition of the concept of “social initiative” of adolescents are highlighted, the key concept is specified, and the main components of the process of formation of social initiative of adolescents are determined, which reveal the content and are criteria for its effectiveness. For the consistent development of social initiative as a conscious activity of adolescents and personality traits, this process is presented in the form of coordinated modules, coordinated blocks that complement each other and influence the harmonious development of the individual through the activities of preschool educational institutions. The educational environment of a preschool educational institution is defined as a social and pedagogical tool aimed at developing the social initiative of a teenager in accordance with the goals, content, creation of social pedagogical conditions, and the harmonious development of the younger generation. In the educational environment of a children's organization, an important role is played by such means as the organized life of a children's team, various types of activities, technical impossibilities, phenomena of spiritual and material culture, through the formation of an attitude towards man, society, and nature as the highest value. The pedagogical conditions we substantiated, tested in the practical activities of preschool educational institutions, contributed to increasing the level of formation of social initiative of adolescents, making it possible to be confident in the recognition by a group of peers of their achievements as an individual and in the effectiveness of socially useful activities.

Prospects for the development of the system of architectural and planning organisation of special preschool education institutions in Ukraine

The publication considers the prospects for the development of the main aspects of reforming the legislative and regulatory framework of Ukraine's special preschool education institutions, which needs to be modernized, in relation to the needs of children's inclusive groups. Four main aspects are identified: regulatory, financial and economic, architectural and planning, and socio-cultural. According to the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, as of 2020, there are 101 special preschool education institutions, but many of them lack comfort and inclusiveness. The study also identified the main problems that hinder the introduction of the necessary changes: insufficient number of institutions, inadequate planning, and lack of opportunities for inclusive education. Recommendations include increasing funding, modernizing infrastructure, and implementing inclusive education. Special preschool education institutions are an important part of the education system for people with special needs in Ukraine. They provide early detection, diagnosis, correction and preparation of children with various developmental disabilities for studying in general education schools. However, the existing system of special preschool education requires significant improvement and modernization, in particular in terms of architectural and planning organization of special institutions. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in Ukraine, the theoretical and practical foundations for the design and construction of special preschool institutions have not been sufficiently developed, which would take into account the specifics of their functioning, the needs and capabilities of children with special needs, requirements for accessibility, comfort, safety, aesthetics and energy efficiency.

The modern concept of the system of physical education in pre-school education institutions

The article focuses attention on modern approaches to the concept in the system of development of physical education of children in preschool education institutions in Ukraine and foreign countries of the world. The modern concept of the system of physical education in preschool education institutions is aimed at the comprehensive development of preschoolers, taking into account their emotional, physical and social needs The concepts presented in the article seek to stimulate the all-round development of children through various physical, psychological and social measures aimed at strengthening health and the formation of cognitive or motor skills for the educational process in the following school years. The approach to building physical education in preschool education institutions is argued Programs related to the physical development of preschoolers were analyzed in Ukraine. The actuality and expediency of the Concept are substantiated, its structure and the structure of its creation are given. The article focuses attention on modern approaches to the concept in the system of development of physical education of children in preschool education institutions in Ukraine and foreign countries of the world. The modern concept of the physical education system in preschool education institutions is aimed at the comprehensive development of preschoolers, taking into account their physical, emotional and social needs. The concepts presented in the article seek to stimulate the all-round development of children through various physical, psychological and social measures aimed at strengthening health and forming cognitive and motor skills for the educational process in later school years. The approach to building physical education in preschool education institutions in Ukraine is argued, programs related to the physical development of preschoolers are analyzed. The relevance and expediency of the Concept are substantiated, its structure and construction are given.

SỬ DỤNG TÁC PHẨM TRUYỆN TRONG TÍCH HỢP GIÁO DỤC DINH DƯỠNG - SỨC KHOẺ CHO TRẺ Ở TRƯỜNG MẦM NON

Nutrition and health education are the main content in physical development education for preschool children. To help children develop some good habits and behaviors in eating and hygiene to prevent disease, teachers can use many teaching resources. This study analyzes the advantages of the story works and directions for using them to integrate nutrition and health education for preschool children. Content analysis method, direct interview method, and operational product research method have been used. The results show that stories that can be used to integrate nutrition education for children in preschool are relatively rich and diverse. Teachers can use these stories to educate children about the habit of maintaining physical hygiene and educating children about hygienic and nutritious eating, thereby improving the quality of care, nurturing and education of children at preschool educational establishments.

Çocuklarla birlikte tuvalet tasarlamak: Okul öncesi eğitim kurumunda bir tasarım serüveni

Children have long been neglected by designers. However, children's participation in the design process is essential for the creation of creative spaces. Children have the right to be involved in the design of the spaces they use based on their personal experiences. Preschool educational institutions are essential as the initial socialization environment for the child. The designs of these facilities have an impact on the lives of children in the future. The process of toilet training, which includes the preschool years, impacts the lives and development of children in the future. In addition to a healthy toileting routine, it is necessary for children to develop awareness in many areas, such as muscle control and self-care abilities. The design of toilet interiors in preschool educational institutions also affects the cognitive, physical and mental development of children. The purpose of this study is to determine the interior design criteria of the toilet as a wet area in preschool educational institutions in accordance with the expectations of children in the 36-72 month age range who are members of Gen Alpha. The case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this research, along with a mosaic approach, which allows the process to be conducted with children The study's findings revealed that the suggestions for the design of the toilet interiors of the 36-72 month group children, who are Gen Alpha, are tech-focused.

Optimal duration of breastfeeding

Introduction. The question of the optimal timing of cessation of lactation from the perspective of maternal-child relationships remains controversial.Aim. Тo determine the optimal timing for stopping breastfeeding based on data on the formation of the child’s personal characteristics and the relationship with the mother.Materials and methods. The results of a prospective study of mother-child relationships during the period of cessation of breastfeeding are presented. The age of the child was assessed at the termination of breastfeeding, the difficulties experienced by the mother and the child at its termination (affective attachment, characteristics of the child’s behavior). Observation was carried out in the classroom in the group of short-term stay in preschool conditions 1–2 times a week for at least 1.5 hours. 108 mother-child pairs were under observation. Depending on the duration of breastfeeding, couples were divided into two groups. The first group – 64 children who are breastfed for no more than 18 months, the second group – 44 children who are breastfed for more than 18 months. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the Excel program using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s χ2 method. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results and discussion. Since the conditions of the children’s polyclinic do not allow for monitoring the child and his mother, the study was carried out in a group of short-term stay in a preschool educational institution, which is quite typical for the modern urban maternal population. The work was carried out jointly with teachers and psychologists who developed criteria for assessing mother-child relations and the child’s behavioral characteristics. In the group of children who were breastfed after 18 months, affective attachment to the mother, use of the breast to soothe them in the absence of breast milk, anxiety when falling asleep, were 2 times more common than in children who were breastfed for less than 18 months. The data obtained indicate the need to inform nursing mothers about the mental characteristics of a child’s development in certain age periods, a decrease in lactation after a year, and its frequent termination by 18 months.Conclusions. Based on the data obtained, it can be considered appropriate the optimal duration of breastfeeding up to one and a half years.

The Quality of Early Childhood Curricula and Distributed Leadership in Lithuanian ECEC Institutions

The early childhood curriculum is an integral part of the educational process, and many countries are looking at how to ensure its quality. With the decentralization of educational content in Lithuania, each Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) institution develops its own curriculum. In this case, the role of the head teacher at school and the leadership style they adopt become very important. Our study aims to investigate the expression of shared leadership in Lithuanian preschool education institutions and how it relates to the curriculum quality. An online survey was conducted in spring–autumn 2023. The sample was randomly selected from a list of kindergartens (N = 549) operating in Lithuania, and 133 kindergartens were selected. Of these, 79 (59.4%) institutions responded and agreed to participate. The research sample comprised 461 early childhood educators. The analysis of the survey data showed that distributed leadership can explain 61.3% of the quality of the curriculum. This means that if there is a higher degree of distributed leadership in the early childhood education community, the quality of the ECEC curriculum will likely be higher. ECEC leaders should pay attention to the individual scales of distributed leadership, collaboration, and cooperation.

Perubahan Pandangan Masyarakat Terkait Pentingnya Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Di Desa Cimerak

This research aims to find out how people's views have changed regarding the importance of early childhood education in Cimerak Village. The method in this research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach where researchers go directly to the field to uncover problems according to the research focus. The research results show that after the establishment of the PAUD institution in Cimerak Village, many parents started sending their children to pre-school institutions. This is one of the responses from the community which supports the establishment of pre-school educational institutions at the village level. After the establishment of the PAUD institution in the local village, parents felt that many positive changes had occurred in their children, such as: increasing self-confidence, increasing creativity and developing children's social skills.  

Teaching professional competence in preschool education

The article clarifies the theoretical foundations of the content of the teacher's professional competence; we will single out the types of professional competence of the educator in the context of readiness to work in the environment of the preschool education institution, on which the maturity and formation of the specialist are based in professional activity. At various stages of our research, the following general scientific research methods were used: theoretical and empirical. The professional competence of the educator in the context of readiness to work in the environment of the preschool education institution was studied, its main components were substantiated; the skills that the teacher's professional competence should include are listed; the stages of formation of professional competence of future educators are shown. In accordance with the modern educational conditions of the formation of the professional competence of the teacher, the structure of the system of professional training of teachers of preschool education institutions is considered. During an experimental study (we surveyed students of pedagogical specialties), we discovered the effectiveness of using Wiki-technologies for the formation of the professional competence of an educator in the context of readiness to work in the environment of a preschool educational institution.

Forming teachers' readiness to develop coherent speech among older preschool-age children

Relevance. The main function of the development of coherent speech is certainly a communicative one, as a child aged 5-7 years old should not only understand others perfectly, but also express opinions independently, and most importantly to do so clearly and understandably for others. That is why the topic of this study always remains relevant and occupies a central position in the process of a child's speech development and, to a certain extent, his or her socialisation. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to analyse the current level of teachers' readiness to develop coherent speech among older preschool-age children, to highlight the main shortcomings in this process and to develop methods and ways to improve their qualification level in this area. Methodology. The study of this issue was based on different research methods, in particular system analysis, synthesis, comparison, modelling, deduction, analysis of the scientific literature, as well as pedagogical observation and the study of pupils' performance. Results. The results obtained as a result of conducting the study are the consolidation of the theoretical and practical foundations for the process of developing coherent speech among older pre-school children and an appropriate level of teacher competence in this area. Thus, the study established a list of tasks, games and other organisational activities for the development of coherent speech among children, as well as an algorithm of necessary tasks for the teacher aimed at improving his or her level of knowledge in this particular aspect and increasing his or her activity efficiency in the aforementioned process. Conclusions. The practical value of this study lies in the fact that the formed methods and the proposed exercises can be used both by teachers, in pre-school educational institutions, and by parents, to maximise the child's results and his or her future active socialisation directly at school.

THE POSSIBILITIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD'S CREATIVITY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A PRE-SCHOOL

Today's rapidly changing era and the resulting demands bring into focus aspects related to children's education already from preschool, as this is the age when the basic qualities are formed and the foundations are laid for skills that are important for future development and self-fulfillment. The creativity and entrepreneurship of a preschool child is the ability to create new ideas and look for alternative solutions for their implementation, the readiness to act and finish what has been started, overcoming obstacles and showing initiative. The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of development and assessment of the child's creativity and entrepreneurship in a preschool educational institution. The paper identifies the criteria and indicators for the assessment of the child's creativity and entrepreneurship, offers a model for the development of this skill in a preschool educational institution, and analyses the results of its approbation. 

Учебно-методическое обеспечение кружковой деятельности детей подготовительных групп дошкольных образовательных учреждений и начальных классов школ кластера непрерывного казачьего образования

The article is devoted to the consideration of the educational and methodological support of the circle activities of children of preparatory groups of preschool educational institutions and primary schools of the cluster of continuous Cossack education in the framework of additional education. The additional education expands the possibilities for a child's personal development, awakens creativity and the ability to work on a specific topic in collaboration with a team of peers, with parents and with teachers. The authors emphasize the prospects of additional education at an early age, in kindergarten and in elementary school, which is important for the formation of a child's worldview. Additional education forms a variety of programs, orients children to different types of activities and different directions of search (practical, project, research), as well as various forms of associations, among which we have chosen one of the forms of additional education – a circle of interests related to the study of the history and culture of the Cossacks. The circle activity unites children, contributes to the solution of intellectual and educational as well as subject-practical tasks aimed at the formation of new knowledge and skills on a specific topic - the history and culture of the Cossacks, studied in educational organizations with an ethno-cultural Cossack component. For the successful implementation of educational and pedagogical processes in schools and pre-school children's educational institutions with an ethno-cultural Cossack component, at the request of parents and children, we have developed a Textbook for the alphabet for Little Cossacks and a Teaching manual for teachers on working with the Textbook. In the article we substantiate the possibility of effective use of the proposed methodology for conducting group work with children of preparatory groups of preschool educational institutions and primary school classes with an ethno-cultural Cossack component to form children's interest in the history and culture of the Cossacks, which will contribute to fostering a sense of patriotism, citizenship, respect for the heroes of our motherland as well as for the country's historical and cultural heritage. The authors of the study offer various forms of training within the framework of the circle activities: practical classes in the form of conversations, virtual and real excursions, contests, games.

USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTION

USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTION

Reggio Emilia approach in interaction with young children

The article highlights the unique Reggio-Emilia approach, familiarity with which is important in terms of changes in preschool education in Ukraine in accordance with global educational trends formulated in accordance with general changes in the world (pandemic, war, environmental problems, etc.). The importance of creating conditions for self-expression of children in the educational environment of a preschool education institution with the help of a specially created environment is described. An analytical review of the environmental approach proposed by the Reggio-Emilia approach and the impact of such an environment on the development of a harmonious personality was carried out. Questions were raised regarding the possibility of providing children with sufficient free time in an environment filled with materials. The peculiarities of the implementation of the Reggio-Emilia approach in the structure of the day for young children are outlined: meeting on the piazza and its importance in creating relationships between all children and adults; holding the assembly and its main points; selection of activities and features of their presentation in accordance with previously developed documentation; types of activities in the environment and related facilities. The article highlights the ideas of organizing children's life activities in preschool education institutions of various forms of ownership, which work according to the Reggio-Emilia approach. The analysis of architectural solutions in preschool education institutions that work according to the Regio-Emilia approach was carried out. The importance of realizing the child's self-expression in the personal paradigm in education is argued. The activities that children choose during their free time are characterized: activities without an adult, activities with an adult, the peculiarities of their location in the environment for the sake of interest and deepening the research topic. The main types of documentation are identified, which are important for the formation of activities and offers for children, taking into account the possibility of "self-expression" with the specified activities. The Reggio-Emilia approach is described as one of the progressive and years-proven practice approaches that contribute to the "self-expression" of children. Attention is focused on the importance of essential changes in the creation of the developmental space of preschool institutions of Ukraine, which will contribute to the free choice of children and their "self-expression". Conclusions were made and prospects for further research were determined.

METHODS OF FORMING GRAMMATICAL CORRECTNESS OF SPEECH IN PRESCHOOLERS

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical aspects and methodological features of the formation of the grammatical structure of speech of preschool children. The paper presents the main approaches of researchers regarding the problem of research, examines the essence of grammatical development of older preschoolers and ways to implement it in pre-school educational institutions.